Home | Ungulates | About Us | Glossary | Links | Search | Contact Us
An Ultimate Ungulate Fact Sheet
Hyemoschus aquaticus
Water chevrotain
Click on the pictures above for larger views of the photographs
Quick Facts Detailed Information References

Literature Cited

Alden, P. C., R. D. Estes, D. Schlitter, and B. McBride. 1995. National Audubon Society Field Guide to African Wildlife. New York: Chanticleer Press.

CITES (Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna). 2009. Appendices I, II and III, as adopted by the Conference of the Parties, valid from 22 May 2009.  Available online at the CITES website.

Dubost, G. 1979. The size of African forest artiodactyls as determined by the vegetation structure. African Journal of Ecology; 17(1): 1-17.

Dubost, G. 1984. Comparison of the diets of frugivorous forest mammals of Gabon. Journal of Mammalogy; 65(2): 298-316.

Dubost, G. 2016. Reproductive characteristics of the water chevrotain, Hyemoschus aquaticus. Mammalia 80(6): 201-211.

Dubost G., and F. Feer. 1992. Saisons de reproduction des petits Ruminants dans le nord-est du Ghabon, en fonction des variations des ressources alimentaires. Mammalia; 56(1): 25-43.

East, R. [compiler]. 1999. African Antelope Database 1998. IUCN/SSC Antelope Specialist Group. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN.

Gautier-Hion, A., L. H. Emmons, and G.Dubost. 1980. A comparison of the diets of three major groups of primary consumers of Gabon (primates, squirrels and ruminants). Oecologia (Berlin); 45: 182-189.

Happold, D. C. D. 1973. Large Mammals of West Africa. London: Longman Group, Ltd.

IUCN Antelope Specialist Group. 2008. Hyemoschus aquaticus. In IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.1. Available online at the IUCN Redlist website.

Kingdon, J. 1997. The Kingdon Field Guide to African Mammals. Academic Press, London and New York: NaturalWorld.

Nowak, R. M. [editor]. 1991. Walker's Mammals of the World (Fifth Edition). Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.

Robin, K. 1990. Chevrotains. In Grzimek's Encyclopedia of Mammals. Edited by S. P. Parker. New York: McGraw-Hill. Volume 5, pp. 120-123.

Wilson, D. E., and D. M. Reeder [editors]. 1993. Mammal Species of the World (Second Edition). Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press. Available online at the Mammal Species of the World website.

Additional Resources

*Dubost, G.  1975.  Le comportement du Chevrotain africain, Hyemoschus aquaticus Ogilby (Artiodactyla, Ruminantia).  Sa signification écologique et phylogénétique.  Zeitschrift fur Tierpsychologie; 37: 403-501.

Dubost, G. 1978. Un aperçu sur l'écologie du chevrotain africain Hyemoschus aquaticus Ogilby, Artiodactyle Tragulide. Mammalia; 42: 1-62.

Dubost, G., and R. Terrade. 1970. La transformation de la peau des Tragulidae en bouclier protecteur. Mammalia; 34: 505-513.

Happold, D. C. D. 1987. The Mammals of Nigeria. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. 209-210

IEA (Institute of Applied Ecology) 1998. Hyemoschus aquaticus. In African Mammals Databank - A Databank for the Conservation and Management of the African Mammals Vol 1 and 2. Bruxelles: European Commission Directorate. Available online at the African Mammals Databank.

Quick Facts Detailed Information References